harshness

英

美

n.  严肃；刺耳；粗糙的事物；酸涩性

复数：harshnesses　

TOEFL

BNC.18654 / COCA.20513

柯林斯词典

• ADJ-GRADED （气候或条件）艰苦的，恶劣的，严峻的
  Harshclimates or conditions are very difficult for people, animals, and plants to live in.
  1. The weather grew harsh, chilly and unpredictable.
     天气变得恶劣、寒冷且变化莫测。
  2. ...the harsh desert environment.
     恶劣的沙漠环境
  3. ...after the harsh experience of the war.
     经历了严酷的战争之后
• ADJ-GRADED （言行）严厉的，无情的
  Harshactions or speech are unkind and show no understanding or sympathy.
  1. ...the cold, harsh cruelty of her husband...
     她丈夫冷酷无情的残忍
  2. He said many harsh and unkind things about his opponents.
     他以尖刻恶毒的语言大肆抨击自己的对手。
• ADJ-GRADED 粗陋的;刺目的;粗糙的
  Something that isharshis so hard, bright, or rough that it seems unpleasant or harmful.
  1. Tropical colours may look rather harsh in our dull northern light.
     热带色彩在我们北方暗淡的光线下可能显得有点刺目。
  2. ...harsher detergents that can leave hair brittle.
     会让发质变脆弱的刺激性较强的洗发水
• ADJ-GRADED （声音）刺耳的，难听的
  Harshvoices and sounds are ones that are rough and unpleasant to listen to.
  1. It's a pity she has such a loud harsh voice.
     可惜她的嗓门太大太难听了。
• ADJ-GRADED （现实、真相）残酷的，无情的
  If you talk aboutharshrealities or facts, or theharshtruth, you are emphasizing that they are true or real, although they are unpleasant and people try to avoid thinking about them.
  1. The harsh truth is that luck plays a big part in who will live or die.
     残酷的事实是，谁死谁活在很大程度上要靠运气。

英英释义

noun

• excessive sternness
  1. severity of character
  2. the harshness of his punishment was inhuman
  3. the rigors of boot camp
  Synonym:severityseverenessrigorrigourrigorousnessrigourousnessinclemencyhardnessstiffness
• the quality of being cruel and causing tension or annoyance
  Synonym:crueltycruelness
• the roughness of a substance that causes abrasions
  Synonym:abrasivenessscratchiness
• the quality of being unpleasant (harsh or rough or grating) to the senses
  Synonym:roughness

双语例句

• His current job and interests are in automotive drivetrain noise, vibration and harshness.
  他现在的工作内容和专攻的方向是汽车传动噪声、振动和声振粗糙度。
• The breed is tough and resilient, having adapted to the harshness of Turkmenistan lands, where horses must live without much food or water.
  该品种是坚韧，适应土库曼斯坦的土地，马匹必须生活没有太多的食物或水的严厉性。
• The changes that occurred in China through contact with the West disrupted this system, made it unworkable, and increased the real or apparent harshness of the inequality of life-changes between gentry and peasantry.
  中国在与西方接触的过程中发生的变化破坏了这种体制，使其丧失效力，并使士绅和农民之间不平等的生活差异变得更为严重。
• Noise, vibration and harshness ( NVH) is a serious health issue facing operators, but bigger ear plugs and thicker seat cushions aren't going to solve it alone.
  噪音，振动和残酷（NVH）是一个严重的健康问题面临的运营商，但更大的耳塞和座椅垫厚不会单独解决这个问题。
• Harshness: The human perception of noise, or vibration, or a combination of the two, that cannot be measured directly in engineering units.
  严厉：人耳对噪音的感觉，或振动，或两者的组合，这是不能直接测量的工程单位。
• And the individuals setting and marking exams know that harshness may mean fewer candidates in future.
  设置试题的人也知道题目过难可能会导致很多学校在将来的选举中落选。
• The secular poetry includes the national epic poem, Beowulf, and a number of short lyrical poems which evoke the Anglo-Saxon of the harshness of circumstance and the sadness of the human lot.
  《贝奥武甫》以及其他众多的短篇抒情诗，但他们唤起了盎格鲁-萨克森人对环境的严酷及人类命运的不幸的感知。
• Disobedience is treated with special harshness.
  不服从会受到特别严厉的处分。
• Think you already realize that punishment does not always produce good children, many times harshness produces maladjusted children.
  我想你已经意识到惩罚并总培养出好孩子，很多时候严厉导致小孩失调。
• The rich upstart may treat servants and supposed inferiors with harshness or contempt; not so the gentleman.
  富有的暴发户也许会严厉对待仆人，鄙视地位卑微者。